ΙΑΤΡΙΚΗ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΗΣΗ & ΑΠΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΕΥΘΥΝΗΣ

This website provides general information only. It is not a diagnosis, personalised medical advice or a recommendation for a particular operation. Browsing the site or sending an email does not create a doctor–patient relationship.

Every indication, technique and treatment plan depends on diagnosis, anatomy, disease stage, coexisting conditions and patient preferences. Every procedure carries potential risks, and alternative options may be available depending on the circumstances. Outcomes vary, and no specific result can be guaranteed.

This website and email are not monitored for emergencies. For severe or sudden symptoms, call 112 or the Greek ambulance service at 166, or attend the nearest Emergency Department.

Diagrams simplify complex anatomy and are not patient-specific operative plans. Real intraoperative images are presented for educational purposes without patient identifiers and only where the required permission or consent for publication has been obtained. The final operation is adapted to the findings and clinical judgement.

Medical content is prepared with reference to current guidance and reviewed periodically by Dr Efstratios K. Kouroumpas. The latest review date is displayed on the site. Medical knowledge evolves, and older content may require updating.

References to institutions, hospitals or professional bodies describe training, posts or credentials and do not imply endorsement or sponsorship of this website. Names and marks belong to their respective owners and are used solely to identify the relevant affiliation, subject to each organisation’s brand-use rules. The site’s educational content has no commercial sponsor. Any relevant conflict of interest will be disclosed on the applicable page.